Dermatology Conditions
Understanding Your Skin Health
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we are dedicated to providing comprehensive, state-of-the-art care. We believe that understanding your dermatological health is key to making the best decisions for your well-being.
That’s why we’ve carefully curated an extensive patient education library. We invite you to explore these resources, covering a diverse range of diagnoses and treatments. Our goal is to empower you with knowledge, ensuring you feel confident and informed about your personalized path to optimal dermatological health.
Acne
Acne is a very common skin condition that affects people of all ages, though it is most prevalent during adolescence. It manifests as clogged pores, blackheads, whiteheads, papules, pustules, and sometimes painful nodules or cysts. Acne can cause significant emotional distress and, if untreated or severe, may lead to permanent scarring and discoloration. Beyond the surface lesions, acne inflammation can also cause redness and uneven skin texture, impacting confidence and skin health.
How should acne be treated?
Effective acne treatment is multifaceted and tailored to each patient’s skin type and acne severity. Prescription medications help control active inflammation and bacterial overgrowth, while specialized Chemical Peels exfoliate dead skin cells and reduce pore blockage. For post-acne scarring and texture irregularities, advanced Laser Skin Resurfacing using the Lutronic ECO2 laser provides controlled skin remodeling. Redness and active inflammatory lesions respond well to the Pulsed Dye Laser (Vbeam – Candela), which targets blood vessels to reduce redness and minimize post-inflammatory marks. Hydrafacial treatments deeply cleanse pores and infuse nourishing serums, helping reduce acne flare-ups and maintain skin clarity. Morphues8 Face promotes collagen production to smooth acne scars using radiofrequency microneedling. Combining microneedling with Skin Pen with Platelet-Rich-Plasma (PRP) offers enhanced skin remodeling via regenerative growth factors to improve skin texture and reduce scarring. Throughout treatment, medical-grade skincare products from ZO Skin Health and Skinbetter Science support skin barrier repair, reduce inflammation, and maintain clear skin, making them essential for both active acne and maintenance phases.
Actinic Keratosis
Actinic Keratoses are rough, scaly patches of skin resulting from chronic, excessive sun exposure. These lesions are considered precancerous and may progress to squamous cell carcinoma if untreated. AKs often appear on sun-exposed areas like the face, scalp, ears, and hands. Because early skin cancers can resemble AKs, biopsies are sometimes necessary for accurate diagnosis.
What treatment options are available for Actinic Keratoses?
Timely and proactive treatment of AKs is vital to prevent progression to skin cancer. Cryotherapy (freezing) effectively destroys visible lesions. Customized topical treatments are also effective at treating these precancerous lesions. Comprehensive skin cancer screening, including full body photography and mole mapping, allows for early detection of suspicious lesions. Prevention strategies emphasize daily use of medical-grade sunscreens and skin protective products from Lumeno and Skinbetter, which protect against UV damage and support skin repair. Regular follow-ups ensure ongoing surveillance and management.
Alopecia Areata
Alopecia Areata is an unpredictable autoimmune condition characterized by patchy hair loss on the scalp or body. It results when the immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, causing well-defined bald spots. The severity ranges from isolated patches that may spontaneously regrow to more widespread or complete hair loss, which can be psychologically challenging.
How do you treat Alopecia Areata?
We now have several options for treating alopecia areata. We will tailor a treatment plan specific to you:
- Topical Treatments
- Corticosteroids: Anti-inflammatory creams or ointments (e.g., clobetasol) reduce immune activity. Applied to affected areas, they may promote regrowth within weeks.
- Minoxidil: A topical solution (2% or 5%) often used for androgenetic alopecia; may help regrow hair in mild cases when combined with other therapies.
- Intralesional Injections
- Corticosteroid Injections: Triamcinolone is injected into bald patches to reduce inflammation and encourage regrowth. Best for localized alopecia; results may appear in 4-8 weeks.
- Oral Medications
- Corticosteroids: Prednisone or other systemic steroids suppress the immune system in severe cases but are used short-term due to side effects like weight gain or osteoporosis.
- Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors: Baricitinib and ritlecitinib are FDA-approved for severe alopecia areata in adults. They target immune pathways to promote regrowth but require monitoring for side effects like infections.
- Immunosuppressants: Methotrexate or cyclosporine may be used off-label for extensive cases, though evidence is limited and side effects are significant.
- Natural and Supportive Therapies
- Lifestyle Changes: Stress management (e.g., meditation, counseling) may help, as stress can trigger flares.
- Wigs and Cosmetics: For cosmetic coverage, wigs, hairpieces, or scalp micropigmentation can boost confidence.
- Supplements: Limited evidence supports biotin or zinc, but deficiencies should be addressed under medical guidance.
- Emerging Treatments
- Research into biologics, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and low-level laser therapy is ongoing, but these are not yet standard due to limited evidence.
Atopic Dermatitis
Atopic Dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease often beginning in childhood but persisting or starting in adulthood. It presents as intensely itchy, dry, red, and cracked skin patches that may ooze or crust from scratching. This cycle can lead to skin barrier breakdown, secondary infections, sleep disturbance, and significant discomfort.
How can Atopic Dermatitis be treated?
Unfortunately, no treatment will always eliminate atopic dermatitis. The goal is to reduce itching, inflammation, and flare frequency while repairing the skin barrier. Treatment may involve topical corticosteroids or immune-modifying creams to control inflammation. Oral antihistamines can alleviate itching. Medical-grade moisturizers and skin repair products can help restore barrier function, hydrate deeply, and protect sensitive skin from irritants, making daily skincare an essential part of management.
Birthmarks
Birthmarks are areas of discolored and/or raised skin that are visible at birth or develop within the first few weeks of life. They are caused by an overgrowth of pigmented cells or blood vessels in the skin. While the exact cause of birthmarks remains unknown, most are benign and do not require treatment. However, it’s important for babies with birthmarks to be evaluated and diagnosed by a medical professional to rule out any complications.
There are two primary types of birthmarks: vascular birthmarks and pigmented birthmarks.
Vascular birthmarks result from abnormal blood vessels and include several common varieties:
Macular stains or salmon patches are flat pink to red marks that may appear anywhere on the body. Commonly known as angel kisses (on the forehead, nose, upper lip, or eyelids) and stork bites (on the back of the neck), these marks typically fade and disappear with age without treatment.
Hemangiomas, also called strawberry birthmarks, are raised, bright red vascular growths that appear within the first few weeks or months of life. These rapidly grow for six to nine months before gradually shrinking and fading. Although many hemangiomas resolve on their own, some may require intervention if they interfere with vision or breathing, cause pain, or ulcerate.
Port-wine stains (nevus flammeus) are flat, pink, red, or purple marks that often appear on the face, arms, or legs at birth and grow proportionally as the child grows. Unlike other vascular birthmarks, port-wine stains are permanent and typically do not fade over time. Those involving the eyelid or forehead require careful management because they may be associated with eye problems or neurological conditions.
Pigmented birthmarks are caused by an overproduction or accumulation of pigment cells and include:
Moles (congenital nevi) can be flat or raised, varying in color from skin-toned to dark brown or black. Present at birth, some congenital nevi carry a risk of developing into skin cancer later in life and should be monitored regularly.
Cafe-au-lait spots are oval, light brown patches that often fade with age. While usually harmless, the presence of multiple spots can sometimes indicate underlying health issues and should be evaluated by a doctor.
Mongolian spots appear as blue or blue-gray patches, commonly on the lower back or buttocks of infants with darker skin tones. These birthmarks can resemble bruises but typically fade during childhood without treatment.
How can Birthmarks be treated?
Laser therapies, especially Pulsed Dye Laser (Vbeam by Candela), are the gold standard for treating many vascular birthmarks like port-wine stains and hemangiomas. For pigmented or superficial vascular lesions, Broadband Light (BBL – Sciton MJoule) is another advanced treatment that uses intense pulsed light to reduce discoloration and improve overall skin tone and clarity. These non-invasive technologies allow for precise targeting with minimal downtime. For larger, raised, or complicated birthmarks that do not respond to other treatments or present a risk of malignancy (such as some congenital nevi), surgical removal may be recommended. We also provide comprehensive monitoring through full skin examinations, Fotofinder total body imaging, and mole mapping to detect any changes early and ensure optimal care.
Cysts
Cysts are benign, slow-growing lumps that develop beneath the skin’s surface. These enclosed sacs are typically filled with fluid or keratin (a soft, cheese-like material made up of dead skin cells) and may vary in size and location. Although harmless, cysts can become inflamed, tender, or infected—especially if they rupture or are irritated, often resembling boils at that stage. While their exact cause remains uncertain, many cysts arise when a hair follicle becomes blocked or damaged, trapping keratin beneath the skin. Some individuals may also be more prone to cyst formation due to genetics, skin trauma, or certain skin conditions.
How can Cysts be treated?
In most cases, the contents of a cyst can be drained by carefully inserting a needle into the cyst cavity, which causes it to collapse temporarily. However, drainage alone often doesn’t prevent the cyst from returning. For more permanent resolution, especially in recurrent or bothersome cysts, we may recommend a minor surgical procedure to remove the entire cyst sac (excision) under local anesthesia. This helps minimize the risk of recurrence and promotes better long-term results. If a cyst becomes inflamed or infected, it may be tender, red, and discharge pus—requiring a course of topical or oral antibiotics before or after treatment to reduce swelling and support healing. Our team at Highlander Dermatology & Surgery Center provides precise and compassionate care to ensure the best outcome with minimal discomfort.
Cutaneous Lupus
Cutaneous Lupus is an autoimmune skin condition in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin, resulting in a wide range of skin changes. Patients may experience red, scaly patches, raised plaques, discoloration, or sensitivity to sunlight, often appearing on sun-exposed areas like the face, scalp, neck, and arms. Over time, some lesions may leave behind scarring or pigmentation changes, especially if not treated early. While cutaneous lupus primarily affects the skin, it may sometimes be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), requiring careful evaluation and management.
How can Cutaneous Lupus be treated?
While there is no cure for Cutaneous Lupus, effective treatments can greatly improve symptoms, prevent flares, and minimize long-term skin damage. At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we take a comprehensive and individualized approach to care. First-line therapy often involves topical corticosteroid creams to reduce inflammation and help clear active lesions. In cases that are more widespread or resistant, immune-modulating topical medicationsand oral anti-malarial medications may be prescribed to help suppress overactive immune responses.
Eczema
Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic, long-term inflammatory skin condition that causes redness, scaly patches, swelling, and irritation. It may also produce blisters, bumpy or thickened skin, persistent itching, and changes in skin pigmentation. The symptoms often flare in response to various environmental and lifestyle triggers, including cold or dry air, sudden temperature shifts, illnesses like colds or flu, contact with irritating chemicals, fragrances in skin products, rough fabrics, allergies (such as mold, pollen, dust mites, or pet dander), stress, and excessive water exposure from frequent bathing or swimming.
Eczema arises due to a hypersensitive reaction in the skin, often linked to a deficiency in certain skin proteins that protect the skin barrier, making it more vulnerable to irritation and inflammation. This condition primarily affects infants and young children, with most developing symptoms before age five. Many individuals outgrow eczema by adulthood, although some may continue to experience flare-ups throughout their lives.
How can Eczema be treated?
Effective eczema management begins with gentle, consistent skincare routines at home to protect and hydrate the skin barrier. We recommend using fragrance-free, alcohol-free moisturizers specifically formulated for sensitive skin to soothe dryness and reduce itching. Avoiding scratching is critical to prevent skin damage and secondary infections.
For active eczema flares, prescription topical corticosteroids help calm inflammation, while antihistamines can reduce itching and improve sleep. When allergies contribute to symptoms, our allergy testing services help identify triggers for targeted avoidance and treatment.
Skin Fungal Infections
Skin fungal infections are common conditions caused by various types of fungi that thrive in warm, moist environments. These infections can affect different areas of the skin, hair, and nails, leading to symptoms such as redness, itching, scaling, peeling, and sometimes discomfort or pain. Common types of fungal infections include athlete’s foot (tinea pedis), ringworm (tinea corporis), jock itch (tinea cruris), and yeast infections such as candidiasis.
Fungal infections often occur when the skin’s natural balance is disrupted, whether due to excessive sweating, weakened immune defenses, tight clothing, or other environmental factors. These infections can spread from person to person or through contact with contaminated surfaces, making prompt diagnosis and treatment essential.
How can Skin Fungal Infections be treated?
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, effective treatment of skin fungal infections begins with accurate diagnosis by our expert dermatologists, often confirmed through skin scrapings or cultures. Depending on the severity and location of the infection, treatment plans may include topical antifungal creams, ointments, or medicated shampoos designed to eliminate the fungal organisms and relieve symptoms such as itching and redness.
For more persistent or extensive infections, oral antifungal medications may be prescribed to ensure comprehensive eradication of the infection. Our team closely monitors treatment progress and adjusts therapies as needed to prevent recurrence.
Hair Loss
Hair loss can be a deeply personal and frustrating experience, affecting both men and women across all ages. At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we understand that not all hair loss is the same — and neither are the solutions. Hair loss may occur suddenly or gradually, and often has more than one contributing factor. Our expert team takes a comprehensive, personalized approach to diagnosing and treating the unique type and cause of hair loss for each patient.
Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss (Androgenetic Alopecia)
This is the most common form of hair loss we see in both men and women. Often referred to as hereditary or genetic hair loss, it can begin anytime after puberty and tends to progress with age. In men, it typically presents as a receding hairline or thinning crown, while women may experience more diffuse thinning across the scalp. Without treatment, this form of hair loss tends to worsen over time.
Telogen Effluvium (Physiologic Shedding)
Telogen Effluvium is most frequently seen in women and occurs when stress on the body or a systemic issue causes an increased number of hair follicles to prematurely shift into the resting (telogen) phase. Common triggers include childbirth, illness, major surgery, nutritional deficiencies (such as anemia), thyroid imbalances, or emotional stress. Depending on the underlying cause, Telogen Effluvium may resolve on its own, but persistent cases may require targeted medical management.
How can Hair Loss be treated?
Effective treatment always starts with an accurate diagnosis, including a thorough medical history, lab testing when appropriate, and scalp examination to identify contributing factors. Once we understand the underlying cause of your hair loss, we tailor a plan that may include .
Topical therapies, oral medications, hair restoration procedures, and platelet rich plasma. We also focuse on Lifestyle and supportive measures including addressing nutritional deficiencies and cosmetic solutions.
Throughout your treatment journey, our providers closely monitor your response, adjusting therapies as needed to ensure optimal results. Our goal is not only to restore your hair, but also your confidence — with solutions that are science-backed, safe, and customized for your individual needs.
Herpes Zoster and Simplex (Shingles and Cold Sores)
Both caused by viruses from the herpes family, herpes simplex and herpes zoster can lead to painful, recurring skin symptoms — but with very different presentations. At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we help patients effectively manage both conditions with early intervention and personalized treatment plans to reduce discomfort, promote healing, and prevent complications.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) is the culprit behind oral herpes — commonly known as cold sores. These painful, fluid-filled blisters typically appear on or around the lips but can also affect the mouth and gums. Many people experience tingling, itching, or burning before an outbreak. Once infected — usually during childhood through casual contact — the virus remains dormant in the facial nerves and can reactivate periodically. Triggers may include stress, illness, sun exposure, menstruation, or immune suppression.
Herpes Zoster, or shingles, is a reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus — the same virus that causes chickenpox. After recovery from chickenpox, the virus lies dormant in nerve tissues and may reactivate years later due to aging, stress, or immune changes. Shingles typically affects just one side of the body and causes burning, tingling, or stabbing pain, followed by a red rash that progresses into painful blisters. These usually resolve in 2 to 3 weeks, but some patients may experience lingering nerve pain (postherpetic neuralgia) for weeks or even months.
How can Herpes Simplex & Herpes Zoster (Cold Sores & Shingles) be treated?
We offer a range of targeted treatments for both conditions to reduce discomfort, shorten outbreaks, and support healing. Oral antiviral medications are often the first line of defense, especially when started early—ideally within 72 hours of symptom onset—to lessen the severity and duration of both cold sores and shingles. For herpes simplex, topical antiviral creams may also be used to soothe itching and burning. In cases of shingles, short courses of corticosteroids may be prescribed alongside antivirals to minimize inflammation, swelling, and nerve-related pain. Pain relief strategies, including over-the-counter or prescription medications and cool compresses, can further ease discomfort during the healing process. For those who experience frequent or severe cold sore outbreaks, we also provide preventive counseling and long-term management plans tailored to your individual needs. While there is no cure for either herpes virus, early and consistent care can help manage symptoms, prevent complications, and keep your skin as healthy and comfortable as possible.
Hives (Urticaria)
Hives, or urticaria, are raised, itchy welts that appear suddenly on the skin—ranging in size from tiny dots to large, connected patches. These welts are often pink or red, may feel warm to the touch, and can shift in shape and location throughout the day. While individual hives typically fade within 24 hours, some individuals experience persistent outbreaks that last for weeks or even months. In some cases, hives are accompanied by angioedema, a deeper swelling that affects areas like the eyelids, lips, or throat—and if breathing or swallowing becomes difficult, immediate medical attention is crucial.
Hives are often triggered by an allergic reaction, but they can also be caused by viral infections, heat, sun, cold, stress, certain medications, friction, or even autoimmune conditions like lupus or thyroid disease. At Highlander Dermatology & Surgery Center, we take a comprehensive approach to identifying possible causes and offering effective treatment.
How can Hives be treated?
For acute outbreaks, oral antihistamines are the frontline defense—either over-the-counter or prescription-strength, depending on severity. We may also recommend short courses of corticosteroids to calm more stubborn or widespread inflammation. For patients with chronic hives or recurrent angioedema, we provide advanced diagnostic workups to pinpoint underlying triggers and tailor long-term management plans. Cool compresses can offer immediate relief at home, while more severe or systemic reactions may require injectable epinephrine or other fast-acting interventions.
Living with hives can be frustrating, but with the right care, symptom control is absolutely possible. Whether your condition is new or ongoing, Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center is here to help you find answers, reduce flare-ups, and restore comfort to your skin.
Hyperhidrosis
Hyperhidrosis is a medical condition that causes excessive sweating, far beyond what’s necessary to regulate body temperature. This overactive perspiration can significantly interfere with daily life and affect emotional well-being. At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we understand how disruptive this condition can be, and we offer a range of personalized treatments to help you regain comfort and confidence.
There are three main types of hyperhidrosis. Primary focal hyperhidrosis is the most common and typically starts in childhood or adolescence. It affects specific, symmetrical areas of the body such as the hands, feet, underarms, or face. Generalized idiopathic hyperhidrosis also has no known cause, but it affects large portions of the body and may occur at rest. In contrast, secondary generalized hyperhidrosis stems from an underlying condition—such as menopause, diabetes, thyroid disorders, or medication use—and can occur during sleep.
How can Hyperhidrosis be treated?
For patients experiencing persistent sweating, multiple options are available for treatment including topical therapies, oral medications, botulinum toxin, and morpheus8. If excessive sweating is interfering with your daily comfort, our team is here to provide safe, effective relief tailored to your needs.
Lichen Planus
Lichen planus is an inflammatory skin condition marked by reddish-purple, flat-topped bumps that can be intensely itchy. These bumps often show up on the inside of the wrists and ankles but can also appear on the lower back, neck, legs, mouth, genitals, and, less commonly, the scalp and nails. Sometimes thickened patches develop, especially on the shins, while blisters are rare. Though lichen planus typically has a distinctive look, a skin biopsy might be needed to confirm the diagnosis. The exact cause of lichen planus remains unknown.
How can Lichen Planus be treated?
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we understand that each case of lichen planus is unique, so treatments are tailored to your individual needs. While there is no cure, our goal is to ease itching and improve the appearance of the rash as it resolves. We commonly use topical corticosteroid creams to calm inflammation and oral antihistamines to reduce itchiness. Stronger options, such as oral corticosteroids or immunosuppressive medications, are available for more severe or persistent cases. Our expert team is here to help manage your symptoms and support your skin’s healing journey with personalized care.
Melasma
Melasma is a common skin condition characterized by dark, brown, or grayish patches that appear on sun-exposed areas of the face. These discolorations typically show up symmetrically on the cheeks, forehead, nose, chin, or upper lip, giving a distinct, uniform appearance. While often diagnosed through visual examination, sometimes a Wood’s lamp is used for a closer look.
Melasma can affect anyone but is more common in young women with darker or olive skin tones. Hormonal factors play a significant role—melasma frequently develops during pregnancy or in women taking hormone-based birth control or hormone replacement therapy. Sun exposure is a major trigger and risk factor for melasma, so protecting your skin from the sun is essential.
How can Melasma be treated?
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we provide personalized treatment plans tailored to your unique skin needs, including prevention, topical therapy and advanced cosmetic treatments to address hyperpigmentation including chemical peels to exfoliate the skin and promote more even pigmentation, Platelet-Rich Plasma Microneedling, and LaseMD laser treatments. Since sun exposure can worsen melasma, daily use of broad-spectrum sunscreen and sun avoidance are essential parts of managing the condition. For women experiencing melasma related to pregnancy, hormone replacement therapy, or birth control pills, the discoloration often fades several months after these triggers are discontinued or after childbirth. If you’re noticing persistent dark patches on your face, the expert team at Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center is here to help you achieve a more even, radiant complexion with safe and effective treatments designed just for you.
Molluscum
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we understand that molluscum contagiosum are smooth, pearly, flesh-colored skin growths caused by a viral infection. These bumps typically start small and can grow as large as a pencil eraser, often featuring a central pit where the virus resides. While molluscum lesions usually resolve on their own within two weeks to a year and a half, they can be itchy, prone to infection, and cosmetically concerning. Since they spread easily through direct contact, many patients choose to have them treated and removed.
How can Molluscum be treated?
Treatment options depend on the patient’s age, and the size and location of the growths. We offer several effective removal methods including freezing with liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy), careful scraping and extraction of the lesion’s center, and treatment creams when appropriate. Because new lesions may appear while treating existing ones, multiple treatments are often necessary to fully clear the skin. Our team is dedicated to providing safe, effective care to help you manage and eliminate molluscum with minimal discomfort and optimal results.
Nail Diseases
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we recognize that fingernails and toenails serve as important protectors of the tissues beneath them, but they can also be affected by a variety of nail diseases. These conditions often present with symptoms such as thickening, discoloration, and soreness of the nails. Early stages may show minor discoloration of part of the nail, which can eventually spread to the entire nail. Nail disease is more commonly seen in toenails than fingernails, and when advanced, it can cause sensitivity or soreness that interferes with daily activities. It’s important to understand that not all nail problems are caused by fungus; conditions such as psoriasis, lichen planus, trauma, and yeast infections can also affect the nails.
How can Nail Diseases be treated?
A proper diagnosis is essential to tailor the right treatment plan. Our treatments include a range of topical and oral medications designed to address the specific cause of your nail condition, helping to restore healthy nails and relieve symptoms effectively.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin condition that typically causes red, scaly patches on areas such as the elbows, knees, and scalp. These patches can be itchy and may cause burning or stinging sensations. Psoriasis varies in severity and can affect anyone, often fluctuating over time. Psoriasis can have a hereditary component and up to 25% of people with psoriasis will develop arthritis.
How can Psoriasis be treated?
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, our board-certified dermatologists offer personalized treatment plans tailored to your psoriasis severity and needs. We provide a comprehensive range of treatments, including cutting-edge biologic medications to target the immune system and reduce inflammation as well as XTRAC concentrated UVB treatments to localized disease. Our team also offers topical and systemic therapies to manage symptoms effectively and improve your skin health. Most people with psoriasis can have clear to nearly clear skin with proper management.
Rashes
A rash is a general term describing a wide variety of skin conditions characterized by changes to the skin such as red patches, bumps, or blisters. Rashes can be a symptom of many underlying issues, including atopic dermatitis (the most common form of eczema), bacterial infections like impetigo, contact dermatitis caused by allergens, chronic skin conditions such as acne, psoriasis, or seborrheic dermatitis, fungal infections including ringworm and yeast infections, and viral infections like shingles.
How can Rashes be treated?
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, our board-certified dermatologists provide expert diagnosis to identify the cause of your rash and create a personalized treatment plan. Treatments may include allergy testing to determine triggers, prescription topical or oral medications to reduce inflammation or clear infections, and specialized therapies tailored to chronic conditions like psoriasis or eczema. For many mild cases, over-the-counter options like antihistamines and moisturizing lotions may be recommended, but persistent or severe rashes always deserve professional evaluation to ensure effective relief and skin health.
Rosacea and Perioral Dermatitis
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition primarily affecting the central face, causing persistent redness, visible blood vessels, and sometimes acne-like bumps. It can also lead to burning, stinging, and heightened skin sensitivity. Perioral dermatitis is a related condition presenting as red, bumpy patches around the mouth, nose, and eyes. Both conditions may be triggered by sun exposure, stress, certain skincare products, and hormonal changes.
How can Rosacea and Perioral Dermatitis be treated?
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we offer personalized treatment plans tailored to your skin’s needs, including prescription topical medications and oral antibiotics to reduce inflammation and control symptoms; Broadband Light (BBL) – Sciton MJoule to reduce redness, target visible blood vessels, and improve skin tone; and Pulsed Dye Laser (Vbeam) and Nd:Yag (DermaV) treatments specifically designed to address redness and visible blood vessels associated with rosacea. Our team also provides expert guidance on skincare routines, trigger management, and lifestyle modifications to maintain skin health and prevent flare-ups.
Seborrheic Keratoses
Seborrheic Keratoses (SK), also known as Seborrheic Verruca, are benign (non-cancerous) skin growths that can appear brown, black, or yellow, growing singly or in groups. They may be flat or slightly raised, varying in size from very small to larger than a half-dollar. These growths can occur almost anywhere on the skin, and some people develop just one while others develop many. While the exact cause of SKs is unknown, they tend to run in families and may be influenced by sun exposure.
How can Seborrheic Keratoses be treated?
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, treatment for seborrheic keratoses is usually not necessary unless the growth changes rapidly, becomes irritated, itches, bleeds, or looks suspicious for skin cancer—conditions that require biopsy for proper diagnosis. When removal is desired for large, irritated, or cosmetically concerning growths, we offer treatments such as cryosurgery (freezing), electrosurgery (burning), and curettage (scraping) to safely and effectively remove seborrheic keratoses.
Skin Cancer
Skin cancer affects over one million people annually and can develop in anyone, though the risk increases if a close family member has had melanoma. Changes in moles—such as increased size, color variation, asymmetry, irregular borders, itching, crusting, pain, or bleeding—should prompt a visit to a dermatologist. Early detection through biopsy and surgical removal can prevent extensive and potentially disfiguring surgery.
There are two main types of skin tumors: benign (non-cancerous) and malignant (cancerous). The most common malignant skin cancers include Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and Malignant Melanoma. Basal Cell Carcinoma is the most frequent type, rarely life-threatening, and usually caused by repeated sun exposure. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, often arising from sun-damaged skin, can appear as red bumps or sores that won’t heal. Malignant Melanoma is the most serious form, often appearing as dark, uneven moles with irregular borders and color variations.
Early detection is crucial for successful treatment, so regular skin exams by a dermatologist and monthly self-examinations using the ABCDE method are highly recommended.
How can Skin Cancer be treated?
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we offer advanced skin cancer detection and treatment, including Fotofinder total body imaging for early identification and mole mapping of suspicious lesions.
When treatment is needed, our team provides a full range of options, including Mohs micrographic surgery—the most effective technique for treating basal and squamous cell carcinomas. Mohs is performed in stages, allowing for precise removal of cancer while sparing healthy tissue and minimizing scarring. It’s especially beneficial for delicate or visible areas like the face, neck, and hands.
Our Board Certified Mohs Surgeon, Dr. Bradley Straka, performs procedures at both our Brookfield and Franklin locations with the latest equipment and on-site pathology for real-time results. For select melanomas, we use an advanced staged excision technique (“slow Mohs”) interpreted by dermatopathologists, allowing for greater accuracy and use of immunostains.
Sun Damage
Repeated exposure to the sun’s UV rays over many years causes extensive skin damage known as photoaging. This damage alters the skin’s normal characteristics and leads to signs such as dark spots and age spots, uneven complexion, leathery texture, fine lines, spider veins, milium, skin thickening, and deep wrinkles. In addition, sun damage increases the risk of developing precancerous lesions and skin cancer. Because sun damage accumulates over a lifetime and cannot be reversed without corrective treatments, practicing sun safety and protecting your skin is essential to reduce further damage. Regular skin examinations help detect new lesions early.
How can Sun Damage be treated?
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we offer advanced treatments specifically to address sun damage, including Broadband Light (BBL) therapy with the Sciton MJoule to target pigmentation and redness, Chemical Peels to exfoliate and promote even skin tone, Morpheus8 Face + Platelet-Rich Plasma Microneedling for collagen stimulation and skin texture improvement, Thulium Laser (LaseMD) Fractionated resurfacing to regenerate the dermis and reduce sun spots, and Laser Skin Resurfacing using the Lutronic ECO2 laser to rejuvenate the skin and reduce wrinkles. Additionally, Nd:Yag and Pulsed Dye Laser (DermaV and Vbeam) treatments help reduce redness and visible blood vessels caused by sun damage. These treatments work together to improve uneven pigmentation, fine lines, and skin texture, helping restore a healthier, more youthful complexion.
Tinea Versicolor
Tinea versicolor is a common fungal skin infection caused by yeast that leads to lighter or darker patches on the chest, back, or other areas. It typically affects adolescents and young adults and usually does not cause itching or pain.
How can Tinea Versicolor be treated?
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we treat tinea versicolor with prescription topical antifungal medications, medicated shampoos, and oral antifungal treatments when necessary. Because the condition often recurs, ongoing management may be needed, and skin color may take several months to fully return to normal after treatment.
Vitiligo
Vitiligo is a condition where white patches develop on the skin due to the destruction of pigment-producing cells called melanocytes by the immune system. These patches commonly appear on sun-exposed areas, body folds, near moles, or at sites of previous skin injury. Vitiligo usually develops between ages 10 and 40, affects both men and women, and may run in families.
How can Vitiligo be treated?
While there is no cure for Vitiligo, treatments can help improve the skin’s appearance. At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we offer options such as prescription topical corticosteroids and non-steroidals to help manage the condition and reduce the appearance of white patches.
We also offer XTRAC laser-like device treatments which deliver a targeted wavelength of UVB light to the affected skin, stimulating melanocytes and encouraging repigmentation. While not a cure, XTRAC treatments can significantly reduce or eliminate vitiligo patches, often with results appearing within a few months.
Warts
Warts are non-cancerous skin growths caused by infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). They appear when the virus enters the skin through tiny cuts or abrasions and can present in different forms depending on the location and type. Common warts typically occur on the hands and fingers, often where the skin is broken. Plantar warts appear on the soles of the feet and may feel like a pebble inside the shoe due to pressure flattening them into the skin. Flat warts are smaller, smoother, and often develop in large numbers, especially on the face, legs, or beard area. Genital warts, which are sexually transmitted, can develop around the genitals, inside the vagina, on the cervix, or around the anus. While warts are typically harmless, they can be painful, spread easily, and cause cosmetic concerns.
How can Warts be treated?
At Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center, we offer a range of treatment options tailored to the type of wart, its location, and the patient’s age. These include cryotherapy (freezing with liquid nitrogen), topical salicylic acid, injections for resistant warts, laser and surgical removal when necessary.
Weight Loss
Medical Weight Loss at Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center is a treatment option for individuals struggling with excess weight who are seeking a medically supervised, non-surgical solution. This approach is ideal for those who are not seeing results through lifestyle changes alone and want professional support to help regulate appetite, boost metabolism, and stay on track with their weight loss goals.
How do we approach Weight Loss?
We offer prescription Zepbound® (Eli Lilly) — a proven GLP-1 medication that works by helping to reduce hunger and support healthy weight reduction. Treatment includes regular BMI monitoring and one-on-one counseling to track progress and ensure safety. Labs are not required, and the program is not designed for managing diabetes or prescribing compounded medications. This is a cash-pay only service, focused purely on helping you lose weight effectively with medical oversight.
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Discover the difference board-certified specialists and advanced technology can make. Whether you’re treating skin cancer, rejuvenating your skin, or sculpting your body, Highlander Dermatology and Surgery Center offers personalized care to help you feel confident for the long term.